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合成孔径雷达干涉测量(interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR)技术凭借其全天候、大范围、高精度的优势，已成为矿区地表形变监测的重要技术手段。矿产资源开发作为国家能源资源安全战略的重要组成部分，其地下开采活动引发的地表形变监测对保障安全生产具有重要意义。随着多源卫星数据的日益丰富和算法体系的持续优化，InSAR技术在地下矿山开采形变监测中取得了显著进展，但同时也面临诸多挑战。本文系统阐述了InSAR技术的原理，介绍了国内外利用InSAR监测地下开采引起地表形变的研究成果，分析了该技术在实际应用中存在的局限性，并针对性地分类总结了当前的研究进展。在分析各类方法优势与局限的基础上，本文进一步展望了地下矿山形变监测的未来发展方向，包括深度学习在形变预测中的应用潜力、多模态数据智能融合等前沿思路，为保障国家矿产资源安全开采和重大灾害防控提供科学理论参考。
Abstract：Interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR) technology has become a vital tool for monitoring surface deformation in mining areas due to its advantages of all-weather capability, wide coverage, and high precision.As mineral resource development is a critical component of national energy and resource security strategies, monitoring surface deformation induced by underground mining activities is of great significance for ensuring safety in production.With the increasing availability of multi-source satellite data and continuous improvements in algorithmic frameworks, InSAR has achieved remarkable progress in monitoring deformation caused by underground mining.However, it still faces numerous challenges.This paper systematically elaborates on the principles of InSAR technology and reviews domestic and international research achievements in using InSAR to detect surface deformation resulting from underground mining.It highlights the limitations of current applications and provides a targeted classification and summary of recent advancements.Based on the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of various methods, the paper further explores future directions for underground mining deformation monitoring.These include the potential application of deep learning in deformation prediction, intelligent fusion of multi-modal data, and other cutting-edge approaches, offering scientific and theoretical references for ensuring the safe extraction of mineral resources and the prevention of major disasters.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.14188/j.2095-6045.20250356
中图分类号:P237;TD325.4
引用信息:
[1]周佳薇,李振洪,宋闯,等.InSAR技术在地下矿山开采形变监测中的研究进展和展望[J].测绘地理信息,2026,51(01):9-23.DOI:10.14188/j.2095-6045.20250356.
基金信息:
陕西省影像大地测量共性技术研发平台项目（2024ZG-GXPT-07）