测绘地理信息

时空智能是人工智能的一种创新性应用技术，是最近几年才兴起的；地图集是科学构建复杂非线性地理世界的“百科全书”，是将具有统一总体设计、完整思想体系、系统逻辑组织、有机联系的内部结构和统一协调的若干图组汇集在一起的地图系统，地图集的设计编绘是一个复杂的系统工程；时空智能赋能地图集设计编绘全过程是人工智能时代地图科学体系中的重要研究领域。本文围绕这个主题，首先从时空智能感知、时空大数据智能存储管理、时空大数据智能融合处理、时空智能分析和数据挖掘与知识发现等方面论述了时空智能的基本概念和内涵，并进一步分析了时空智能的系统工程特点，认为这对于进行时空智能赋能地图集设计编绘系统工程具有重要意义；紧接着，重点就时空智能怎样赋能地图集设计编绘数智化进行了分析和论述，提出时空智能赋能地图集设计编绘系统的全过程，即地图集的总体设计、图组设计、图幅单元设计、图幅设计、图层设计、符号及其组合设计等，并提出时空智能赋能地图集设计编绘数智化的三个着重点，包括：该领域深度学习算法和类脑智能的基础研究；地图集设计编绘数智化三要素（数据、算法和算力）分布并行协同运行模式研究试验；生成式人工智能用于地图集设计的创新性研究，大胆探索通过人机协同方式不断输出地图集设计相关数据知识，利用生成式人工智能生成输出地图集总体设计、图组设计、图幅单元设计、图幅设计、图层设计、符号及组合设计等的文本和图片。当然，这是一个复杂的不断优化的过程。

Spatiotemporal intelligence represents an innovative application of artificial intelligence(AI) technology that has emerged in recent years. Atlas, an "encyclopedia" for scientifically constructing the complex and nonlinear geographical world, is a map system designed with comprehensive conceptual frameworks, logically organized structures, and organically integrated groups of maps within a unified overall design. The design and compilation of atlases constitute a complex systems engineering project. The application of spatiotemporal intelligence throughout the atlas design and compilation process is becoming a significant research domain within the discipline of cartography in the era of artificial intelligence. This paper addresses this topic by first elaborating on the fundamental concepts and connotations of spatiotemporal intelligence from several perspectives: spatiotemporal intelligent perception, intelligent storage and management of spatiotemporal big data, intelligent fusion processing of spatiotemporal big data, and intelligent analysis, data mining, and knowledge discovery. Subsequently, the systems engineering characteristics of spatiotemporal intelligence are analyzed, highlighting their significance for empowering the systems engineering approach to atlas design and compilation. Further, the paper specifically examines how spatiotemporal intelligence empowers the digitization and intellectualization(digital intelligence) of atlas design and compilation, which presents a comprehensive empowerment model for the entire process of atlas system engineering, including overall atlas design, map group design, map unit design, individual map design, layer design, and symbol and symbol-combination design. Moreover, three key focal points are proposed for leveraging spatiotemporal intelligence to enhance digital intelligence in atlas design and compilation: foundational research into deep learning algorithms and brain-inspired intelligence; Atlas design and mapping of the three elements(data, algorithm and computing power) distribution of parallel collaborative operation mode of digital intelligence.